The Central Bank of Nigeria has stated its decision to get rid of the controls recently introduced in the Foreign Exchange Market, in order to stimulate and stabilise activities in the market.
The CBN stated this in a circular released yesterday, following a series of decisions made by the CBN's governor, Lamido Sanusi at the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting earlier this week.
According to the communiqué signed by Batari Musa, Acting Director for the CBN's Trade and Exchange Department, "The CBN re-introduces the wholesale Dutch Auction System (WDAS) with effect from Monday 13th July 2009".
New guidelines
According to the circular, "The CBN shall intervene in the foreign exchange market through the Wholesale Dutch Auction System".
According to the circular, under this system, authorised dealers are expected to submit their bids on Monday and Wednesdays, in a standard format made available on the CBN website, duly signed by authorised signatories.
Also stated in the circular, "the minimum bid amount by an authorised dealer shall be $100,000.00 and the currencies of transactions shall be the Naira and the United States dollar. Funds purchased from the CBN at the Auction shall be used for eligible transactions only, subject to stipulated documentation requirements and shall be transferable in the inter-bank foreign exchange market".
Class A and B to participate directly
At the MPC meeting held on July 7, 2009, Sanusi stated that all other restrictions recently imposed on the foreign exchange market are hereby removed. "All Class ‘B' Bureaux-de-Change may now participate directly in the CBN window. Only those with valid licences are eligible. However, they will make a caution deposit of $20,000.00 each".
Consequently, according to a report on the review of the MPC meeting on the CBN website, Class ‘A' BDCs capital requirement is reduced from N500 million to N250 million while allocation of foreign exchange will differ in magnitude between Class ‘A' and ‘B' BDCs, given the different levels of capitalisation.
Increase in Net Open Position (NOP)
To further liberalise the Forex market, the Central Bank of Nigeria has also increased the foreign exchange Net open position of banks. According to the circular, "the foreign exchange Net Open Position of banks has been increased from 2.5 percent to 5.0 percent of shareholders' funds with effect from July 13, 2009".
Responsibility for authorised dealers
The CBN has also stated certain responsibilities for dealers, especially the banks. According to the circular, "authorised dealers shall quote two-ways and display in their banking halls the buying and selling rates conspicuously. The spread between the buying and selling rates shall not exceed 50 kobo".
The circular further states that while "The Central Bank of Nigeria reserves the right to reject bids that are deemed to be unrealistic, contravention of the Foreign Exchange Market regulations shall attract appropriate sanctions as spelt out in the provisions of the relevant laws and CBN guidelines".
CBN imposed Forex restrictions in January 2009 and replaced the Wholesale Dutch Auction System (WDAS) with the Retail Dutch Auction System (RDAS), in an attempt to stabilise the sharp decline in the naira currency and persistent fall in the value of Naira.
At his first MPC meeting as the CBN governor, held on the July 7, 2009, Sanusi had stated his decision that the inter-bank foreign exchange market would be liberalised completely, with a view to improving the supplies of foreign exchange in the economy.


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